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. 2013 Oct;84(5):453–459. doi: 10.3109/17453674.2013.842432

Table 2.

Studies examining tip-to-apex distance (TAD) and screw placement

Study Recommended TAD Position with ↑ cut-out Optimum position
Hseuh et al. 2010 < 15 mm Superior and inferior/posterior Middle/middle or inferior/middle
Pervez et al. 2004 < 20 mm Superior and anterior
Gundle et al. 1995 Superior and posterior
Baumgaertner 1995 < 25 mm Superior and posterior
Parker 1992 Superior and posterior Central and inferior
Davis et al. 1990 Posterior Central
Mainds and Newman 1989 Superior Central and inferior