Table 2.
Comparisons of Outcome Measures for Caregivers Who Did and Did Not Utilize Hospice Services
| |
No hospice, bereaved (n=22) |
Hospice, bereaved (n=10) |
|
|
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre (SD) | Post (SD) | Pre (SD) | Post (SD) | F (group) | p-values | Cohen's d | |
| Psychological measures | |||||||
| Depressive symptoms (HAM-D) | 3.91 (3.89) | 5.73 (5.53) | 5.70 (5.89) | 2.20 (1.75) | 6.10 | 0.02* | 0.92 |
| Anxiety symptoms (HAM-A) | 4.14 (4.37) | 6.14 (5.25) | 5.80 (5.25) | 3.70 (3.68) | 5.71 | 0.02* | 0.89 |
| Physiological measures | |||||||
| Health Outcomes Score | 6.95 (8.39) | 7.59 (9.84) | 5.90 (4.12) | 4.00 (3.37) | 3.56 | 0.07 | 0.70 |
| Systolic blood pressure reactivity (n=18,9) | 20.70 (18.92) | 20.41 (15.51) | 17.20 (17.37) | 13.81 (14.06) | 0.94 | 0.34 | 0.40 |
| Heart rate reactivity (n=19,9) | 6.14 (5.57) | 7.53 (4.99) | 8.15 (6.85) | 5.41 (3.26) | 2.37 | 0.14 | 0.62 |
| Coping style | |||||||
| Avoidance coping (n=20,8) | 4.90 (3.70) | 4.68 (3.10) | 5.63 (2.62) | 3.00 (2.67) | 2.08 | 0.16 | 0.58 |
| Sleep quality | |||||||
| Sleep (global PSQI) (n=20,8) | 7.75 (4.64) | 6.95 (3.41) | 9.75 (3.20) | 5.75 (2.49) | 2.45 | 0.13 | 0.63 |
*
p<0.05
PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.