Developmental expression of SmGPCR in S. mansoni. Quantitative PCR was performed on reverse-transcribed RNA from S. mansoni cercariae, adult worms and in vitro transformed schistosomula harvested immediately after transformation (stage 0, S0) and at 7 days (S7) or 14 days (S14) post-transformation (A) and from miracidia and 4- day and 20-day cultured sporocysts (B). The qPCR data were standardized by simultaneous amplification of internal housekeeping controls (GAPDH or 18S rRNA) and differences in expression data were calculated according to the comparative ΔΔCT method. The results are shown as the fold-change in SmGPCR expression relative to the cercariae (A) or miracidia (B) and are the means ± SEM of a minimum of three experiments, each in triplicates. S, schistosomula; spo, sporocyst.