Local stem cell transplantation reverses indicators of colitis: Changes seen in colonic pathology were graded using a validated histological injury score. Histology scores ranging from 0 to 15 were ascribed to each specimen. (A) Colon from an untreated IL-10−/− mouse. Colitis was severe with enterocyte loss, crypt inflammation, the presence in the lamina propria of mononuclear cells and neutrophils, and epithelial hyperplasia. In contrast, CSCs transplantation induced histological remission in IL-10−/− mice with active colitis. Approximately 16% of CSC-treated IL-10−/− mice (4 of 25) showed complete resolution (B); approximately 60% of CSC-treated IL-10−/− mice (15 of 25) had only a mild degree of inflammation (injury scores between 1 and 5) (C), and approximately 25% of CSC-treated IL-10−/− mice (6 of 25) showed only moderate inflammation (injury scores between 6 and 10) (D). (E) IL-10−/− mice exhibit a significant increase in their body weight after a single dose of local stem cell transplantation compared to the other groups.