Table 3.

Postoperative Characteristics

	Placebo (N=28)	Ramipril (N=24)	Candesartan (N=22)	P-value
Chest tube output 24hrs (ml)	437±35	470±59	511±119	0.67
Total fluid in 24hrs (ml)	3002±190	2675±207	3107±245	0.28
Total fluid out 24hrs (ml)	2123±210	1997±133	1937±163	0.77
Time to extubation (hours)	17.4±4.1	13.5±4.3	10.0±2.2	0.15
Transfusion, N (%)
PRBC	19 (67.9)	15 (62.5)	16 (72.7)	0.76
FFP	17 (60.7)	7 (29.2)*	7 (31.8)*	0.04
Platelets	13 (46.4)	7 (29.2)	5 (22.7)	0.18
Cryoprecipitate	2 (7.1)	1 (4.2)	1 (4.5)	0.87
Morbidity, N (%)
Acute renal failure (STS criteria)†	0	1 (4.2)	1 (4.5)	0.53
Acute kidney injury (stage I)‡	8 (28.6)	5 (23.8)	8 (36.4)	0.51
Re-exploration	1 (3.6)	2 (8.3)	1 (4.5)	0.73
Stroke	2 (7.1)	1 (4.2)	1 (4.5)	0.87
New onset atrial fibrillation	5 (17.9)	4 (16.7)	6 (27.3)	0.62
Pacemaker placement	6 (21.4)	1 (4.2)	2 (9.1)	0.14
Hospital length of stay (days)	7.7±0.5	6.3±0.6*	8.1±1.0	0.04
In-hospital mortality, N (%)	0	0	1 (4.5)	0.30

PRBC, packed red blood cells; FFP, fresh frozen plasma.

^*P<0.05 versus placebo.

^†200% increase and at least 2 mg/dl serum creatinine postoperatively.

^‡50% or 0.3 mg/dL increase in serum creatinine within 72 hours of surgery (AKIN criteria).