Mice with compromised release of both GABA and NPY from AgRP neurons display a delayed physiological increase in dark cycle food intake. (A) Light cycle (10 am; n=8) versus dark cycle (10 pm; n=9) electrophysiological properties of AgRP neurons (Error bars indicate mean + SEM; *P<0.05). Top, representative trace of AgRP neuron in the light cycle. Bottom, representative trace of AgRP neuron in the dark cycle. Right, quantitative analyses of firing rate and membrane potential of AgRP neurons in the light cycle (black bar) versus dark cycle (white bar). (B-C) Dark cycle food intake measurements assessed at (B) 2-, 4-, (C) 12-and 24-hr after lights are shut off. Grey background indicates dark cycle period. Data shown is from male mice (Error bars indicate mean +/− SEM, n=9 AgRP-ires-Cre mice; n=9 AgRP-ires-Cre; Vgatflox/flox; Npy−/− mice; *P<0.05).