IKKβ inhibitors induce p53-dependent cytotoxicity. (A) HCT116 wild-type (WT), p53–/– and p21–/– cells plated at a density of 5 × 103 cells/well in a 96-well plate were treated with 1, 5 or 10 μM for 3 days. MTT assay was performed and absorbance was measured at 550 nm. #P < 0.05, compared with basal; *P < 0.05, compared with wild-type cells. (B) HCT116 WT, p53–/– and p21–/– cells were cultured in 6-cm dish and treated with 5 μM CYL-19s and CYL-26z for 24 hrs. Cells were harvested and examined by flow cytometry as described in Materials and Methods.