Table 1.
EDC effects on adipocyte development.
| EDC and Model System | Dose | MSC → Preadipocyte | Preadipocyte → Adipocyte |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCB-77 | |||
| 3T3-L1 [37] | 3.4 μM | ↑ (Reduced at higher dose) | |
| TCDD | |||
| 3T3-L1 [101] | .1 – 30 nM | ↓ | |
| MEHP (phthalate) | |||
| 3T3-L1 [68] | 10 – 100 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| 3T3-L1 [40] | 1 – 100 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| 3T3-L1 [165] | 50 μM | ↑ | |
| DCHP (phthalate) | |||
| 3T3-L1 [32] | 100 nM | ↑ | |
| MBzP (phthalate) | |||
| 3T3-L1 [165] | 100 – 300 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| MBuP (phthalate) | |||
| 3T3-L1 [165] | 100 – 300 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| DEHP (phthalate) | |||
| C3H/10T1/2 [61] | 100 μM | ↑ (Not seen at 100 nM) | |
| Nonylphenol | |||
| 3T3-L1 [39] | 100 nM – 10 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive, not seen at lower doses) | |
| Tributyltin | |||
| 3T3-L1 [34] | 10 – 100 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| 3T3-L1 [166] | 50 – 100 nM | ↑ | |
| mADSC, hADSC [60] | 50 nM | ↑ (Not seen at 5 nM) | |
| C3H/10T1/2 [61] | 100 nM | ↑ (Not seen at 1 nM) | |
| hBMC [167] | 1 – 10 nM | ↑ | |
| Tolylfluanid | |||
| 3T3-L1 [32] | 100 nM | ↑ | |
| Triflumizole | |||
| 3T3-L1 [50] | 10 nm – 10 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| hADSC [50] | 100 nM | ↑ | |
| Endrin | |||
| 3T3-L1 [32] | 100 nM | ↑ | |
| Bisphenol A | |||
| 3T3-L1 [32] | 100 nM | ↑ | |
| 3T3-L1 [168] | 20 – 80 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| 3T3-L1 [169] | 10 – 100 nM | ↑ | |
| mMSC, hMSC [169] | 1 – 1000 nM | No significant effect | ↑ |
| C3H/10T1/2 [61] | 10 μM | ↓ (Not seen at 10 nM) | |
| HgCl2 | |||
| 3T3-L1 [170] | 5 – 10 μM | ↓ (Dose responsive, not seen at lower doses) | |
| C3H/10T1/2 [170] | 5 – 10 μM | ↓ (Dose responsive, not seen at lower doses) | |
| BADGE | |||
| 3T3-L1 [169] | 10 nM | ↑ | |
| mMSC [169] | 10 – 100 nM | ↑ (Dose responsive, no effect at higher/lower dose) | |
| hMSC [169] | 10 – 1000 nM | ↑ (Dose responsive, no effect at lower dose) | |
| DES | |||
| 3T3-L1 [38] | 1 – 10 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| Phenamil (Amiloride derivative) | |||
| 3T3-L1, 3T3-F442A [171] | 10 μM | ↑ | |
| Flavanone | |||
| 3T3-L1 [70] | 10 – 100 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive, maximal at 30 μM) | |
| Indomethacin | |||
| C3H/10T1/2, mdMSCs [172] | 10 – 50 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| Bixin (natural food coloring) | |||
| 3T3-L1 [71] | 30 – 70 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) | |
| Emodin (rhubarb derivative) | |||
| 3T3-L1 [173] | 25 – 50 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive, no effect at higher/lower dose) | |
| Sildenafil | |||
| 3T3-L1 [174] | 10 – 40 μM | ↑ (Dose responsive) |
Upward-facing arrows indicate that the study demonstrated an augmentation of adipogenesis in the specified period of adipocyte development; a downward-facing arrow indicates attenuation of adipocyte differentiation.
BADGE, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; DEHP, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; DES, diethylstilbestrol; hADSC, human adipose derived stem cells; hBMC, human bone marrow cells; hMSC, human mesenchymal stem cells; mADSC, murine adipose derived stem cells; MBuP, monobutyl phthalate; MBzP, monobenzyl phthalate; mdMSC, murine marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells; MEHP, mono-ethylhexyl phthalate; mMSC, murine mesenchymal stem cells; PCB, polychlorinated biphenyl; TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.