Table 1. Information on primary antibodies used in this study (See also Materials and Methods).
| Antibody | Immunogen | Source | Host | Dilution |
| 5hmC | Raised against 5-hydroxymethylcytidine conjugated to KLH | Active motif#39769 | R | 1∶2,000–1∶10,000 |
| 5mC | Sheep were immunized with 5-methylcytosine coupled tokeyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) | Life Span;#LSC64477/18463 | S | 1∶1,000–5,000 |
| 5mC (33D3) | Mouse monoclonal antibody (33 D3) was made against5-methylcytosine conjugated to ovalbumin | Genway Biotech;#20-003-40005 | M | 1∶2,000 |
| 5caC | 5-Carboxylcytosine antibody was raised against 5-carboxylcytidineconjugated to KLH and recognizes 5-carboxylcytosine | Active motif# 61230 | R | 1∶1,00–1,1,000 |
| 5fC | 5-Formylcytosine antibody was raised against 5-formylcytidineconjugated to KLH and recognizes 5-formylcytosine | Active motif#61228 | R | 1∶100–1∶1,000 |
| Caspase-3 (cleaved) | Amino terminal residues adjacent to (Asp175) in human caspase | Cell SignalingTechnology; #9661 | R | 1∶500 |
| Caspase-3 (cleaved) | KLH coupled synthetic peptide CRGTELDCGIETD correspondingto amino acids 163–175 of human Caspase 3 | R&D system; #AF835 | R | 1∶500 |
| PAR | Poly(ADP-ribose) polymer | Trevigen#4336-APC-050 | R | 1∶500 |
| PAR, mAb (10H) | Purified poly(ADP-ribose) | EnzoALX-804-220-R100 | M | 1∶500 |
M = mouse monoclonal; R = rabbit polyclonal; S = sheep polyclonal.