Figure 2. Host sex discrimination ability of Trissolcus females exploring a natural substrate contaminated with bug chemical footprints.

Searching time of females of two Trissolcus species exploring the adaxial surface of a disk from broccoli leaf, contaminated with chemical footprints laid by adult males and females of three pentatomid species. The number of tested wasp females was 30 for each treatment. Bars indicate the duration (means ± SE) of the residence time of wasp females. Asterisks (*) indicate p<0.05 by Student’s t-test for independent samples. NS, not significant.