Table 1.

Role of NLRs in cancer.

NLR	Type of cancer	Possible mechanism	Reference
NLRC4	Plays a protective role in mouse models of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC)	NLRC4 may regulate apoptosis in colonic epithelial cells	Hu et al. (6), and Sadasivam et al. (7), and Hu et al. (8)
NLRP6	Plays a protective role in CAC	Absence of NLRP6 leads to an increase in Prevotellaceae in the intestines and increased inflammation	Elinav et al. (9), Hu et al. (10), Normand et al. (11), and Chen et al. (12)
NLRP3	Plays a protective role in CAC	NLRP3 drives secretion of IL-18 which leads to activation of STAT1 and tumor suppression	Allen et al. (13) and Zaki et al. (14)
	Promotes tumor formation in a mouse model of fibrosarcoma	Presence of NLRP3 leads to an decrease in NK cells and CD11b+Gr-1int myeloid cells leading to increased tumorigenesis	Chow et al. (15)
	Promotes pulmonary metastasis in intravenous B16F10 and RM-1 prostate mouse models
NLRP12	Plays a protective role in CAC	Absence of NLRP12 leads to dysregulation of canonical or non-canonical NF-κB signaling leading to increased inflammation	Zaki et al. (16) and Allen et al. (17)