Table 1. The clinical profile of 939 patients with ischemic heart disease admitted for CABG .
| Characteristics | CABG with CPB (n=556) | OPCAB (n=383) | P-value |
| Preoperative risk factors | |||
| Age(year, mean±SD) | 54.8±13.9 | 58.9±10.6 | 0.000 |
| Female patients | 191 (34.4) | 101 (26.4) | 0.005 |
| Smoking | 202 (36.3) | 168 (43.9) | 0.012 |
| History of MI | 123 (22.1) | 122 (31.9) | 0.001 |
| History of cardiac surgery | 19 (3.4) | 2 (0.5) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes | 78 (14.0) | 107 (27.9) | 0.000 |
| COPD | 65 (11.7) | 37 (9.7) | 0.191 |
| CVA | 17 (3.1) | 10 (2.6) | 0.422 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 7 (1.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0.097 |
| Renal failure (cr=2.5) | 9 (1.6) | 10 (2.6) | 0.204 |
| Beta-blocker consumption | 407 (73.2) | 313 (81.7) | 0.001 |
| Calcium channel blocker use | 161 (29.0) | 132 (34.5) | 0.043 |
| Diuretic consumption | 85 (15.3) | 43 (11.2) | 0.045 |
| Digoxin use | 64 (11.5) | 18 (4.7) | 0.000 |
| Amiodarone | 9 (1.6) | 1 (0.3) | 0.041 |
| Bronchodilator | 19 (3.4) | 10 (2.6) | 0.308 |
| Hypertension=140/90 mmHg | 43 (7.7) | 48 (12.5) | 0.000 |
| Pulse=70 beat/min | 151 (27.2) | 122 (31.9) | 0.069 |
| CCS>III | 26 (4.7) | 10 (2.6) | 0.072 |
| NYHA Function Class=III | 300 (54.0) | 169 (44.1) | 0.002 |
| Cardiomegaly | 114 (20.7) | 51 (13.4) | 0.002 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 25 (4.5) | 10 (2.6) | 0.089 |
| Creatinine=1.4-2.5(mg/dl) | 37 (6.7) | 32 (8.4) | 0.196 |
| Hemoglobin<12 (g/dl) | 84 (15.1) | 44 (11.5) | 0.067 |
| Intraoperative risk factors | |||
| Need of perioperative IABP | 18 (3.2) | 3 (0.8) | 0.009 |
| Inotropic agents | 233 (41.9) | 32 (8.4) | 0.000 |
| Dopamine | 31 (5.6) | 4 (1.0) | 0.000 |
| Dobutamine | 200 (36.0) | 25 (6.5) | 0.000 |
| Epinephrine | 21 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.000 |
| Norepinephrine | 13 (2.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0.007 |
| Amrinone | 9 (1.6) | 3 (0.8) | 0.207 |
| Milrinone | 33 (5.9) | 1 (0.3) | 0.000 |
| Postoperative (ICU) risk factors | |||
| Inotropic agents | 151 (27.2) | 37 (9.7) | 0.000 |
| Beta blocker use | 407 (73.2) | 340 (88.8) | 0.000 |
| AF rate | 93 (16.7) | 38 (9.9) | 0.002 |
| Red blood cell transfusion | 84 (15.1) | 44 (11.5) | 0.067 |
| In-hospital mortality | 5 (1.3) | 18 (3.2) | 0.044 |
AF= Atrial Fibrillation; CABG= Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting; CCS= Canadian Cardiovascular Society Angina Score; COPD= Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CPB= Cardiopulmonary Bypass; CVA= Cerebrovascular Accident; IABP= Intra Aortic Balloon Pump; ICU= Intensive Care Unit; NYHA= New York Heart Association; OPCAB=Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.