Table 6.
Mean HRQOL and health utility scores reported by studies evaluating subjects treated for active TB and their comparison patient groups
| Instrument | Study (reference number) | Year of data collection | Country | Time of assessment and associated measures | Patient groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active TB | LTBI | Healthy Controls | Other | |||||
| SF-36 | ||||||||
| Babikako et al. [3] | 2007–2008 | Uganda | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 23 | 0 | 0 | 20 TB/HIV co-infected patients | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 61 (52,70) | – | – | 55 (NA) | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 61 (53,69) | – | – | 59 (NA) | ||||
| One to two months of TB treatment, N | 19 | 0 | 0 | 20 TB/HIV co-infected patients | ||||
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 70 (61, 79) | – | – | 64 (NA) | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 72 (65,79) | – | – | 67 (NA) | ||||
| 6–8 months of TB treatment, N | 23 | 0 | 0 | 20 TB/HIV co-infected patients | ||||
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 65 (55, 75) | – | – | 77 (NA) | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 68 (59, 77) | – | – | 80 (NA) | ||||
| Bauer et al. [4] | 2008–2011 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 61 | 119 | 77 | 0 | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 49 (47, 51) | 56 (55, 57) | 57 (56, 58) | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 44 (41, 47) | 50 (49, 51) | 50 (48, 52) | – | ||||
| Dion et al. [17] | 1999–2000 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 17 | 25 | 0 | 8 patients 6 months post-TB treatment completion | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 53 (49, 57) | 58 (56, 60) | – | 56 (40, 72) | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 49 (47, 57) | 57 (53, 62) | – | 49 (23, 74) | ||||
| Guo et al. [21] | 2008a | Canada | One to two months of TB treatment, N | 84 | 78 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 45 (42, 48) | 55 (53, 56) | – | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 40 (37, 43) | 50 (49, 52) | – | – | ||||
| Kruijshaar et al. [29] | 2008 | England | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 36 (32, 40) | – | – | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 42 (38, 45) | – | – | – | ||||
| One to two months of TB treatment, N | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 39 (35, 43) | – | – | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 50 (46, 53) | – | – | – | ||||
| Marra et al. [33] | 2005–2006 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 104 | 102 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 48 (45, 50) | 55 (52, 57) | – | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 43 (40, 45) | 52 (49, 54) | – | – | ||||
| Six to eight months of TB treatment, N | 70 | 75 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 49 (46, 51) | 54 (53, 56) | – | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 46 (45, 49) | 50 (48, 52) | – | – | ||||
| Wang et al. [51, 52] | 1996 | China | One to two months of TB treatment, N | 228 | 0 | 228 | 0 | |
| Mean PCS (95 % CI) | 65 (61, 68) | – | 84 (81, 87) | – | ||||
| Mean MCS (95 % CI) | 61 (58, 64) | – | 74 (72, 76) | – | ||||
| GHQ-12 | ||||||||
| Aghanwa et al. [1] | 1995–1996 | Nigeria | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 53 | 0 | 20 | 20 long-stay orthopedic patients | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 3.5 (2.7, 4.2) | – | 1.8 (1.3, 2.3) | 1.9 (0.9, 2.9) | ||||
| Aydin et al. [2] | 1999 | Turkey | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized (new/default/MDR), N | 42/38/39 | 0 | 0 | 38 COPD patients | |
| Mean total score new/default/MDR (95 % CI)b | 0.94/2.0/2.0 (0.7, 1.2/1.4,2.6/1.5,2.5) | – | – | 3.4 (2.6, 4.2) | ||||
| BDI | ||||||||
| Westaway et al. [53] | 1992a | South Africa | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized, N | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 13.6 (11.9, 15.2) | – | – | – | ||||
| Unalan et al. [45, 46] | 2003–2004 | Turkey | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 196 | 108 | 196 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 17.5 (15.9, 19.1) | 17.4 (15.1, 19.7) | 9.1 (8.3, 9.8) | – | ||||
| EQ-5D | ||||||||
| Dion et al. [17] | 1999–2000 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 17 | 25 | 0 | 8 subjects 6 months post-TB treatment completion | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 79 (68, 90) | 88 (81, 95) | – | 88 (62, 100) | ||||
| Kruijshaar et al. [29] | 2008 | England | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 61 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 67 (66, 68) | – | – | – | ||||
| One to two months of TB treatment, N | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 81 (NA) | – | – | – | ||||
| HAD | ||||||||
| Husain et al. [26] | 2008a | Pakistan | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 108 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| N (%) classified with anxiety (HAD score ≥11) | 51 (47) | – | – | – | ||||
| n (%) classified with depression (HAD score > 11) | 50 (46) | – | – | – | ||||
| SF-6D utility score | ||||||||
| Bauer et al. [4] | 2008–2011 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 61 | 119 | 77 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 0.71 (0.67, 0.75) | 0.81 (0.79, 0.83) | 0.81 (0.79, 0.83) | – | ||||
| Guo et al. [21] | 2008a | Canada | One to two months of TB treatment, N | 84 | 78 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 0.68 (0.65, 0.72) | 0.82 (0.80, 0.85) | – | – | ||||
| Standard gamble | ||||||||
| Bauer et al. [4] | 2008–2011 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 61 | 119 | 77 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9) | 1.0 (0.98, 1.0) | – | ||||
| Dion et al. [16] | 1999–2000 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 17 | 25 | 0 | 8 subjects 6 months post-TB treatment completion | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9) | 0.9 (0.80, 1.0) | – | 1.0 (0.90, 1.0) | ||||
| STAI-6 | ||||||||
| Kruijshaar et al. [29] | 2008 | England | At TB diagnosis, N | 61 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 57 (44, 53) | – | – | – | ||||
| One to two months of TB treatment. N | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 47 (40, 48) | – | – | – | ||||
| Unalan et al. [45, 46] | 2003–2004 | Turkey | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 196 | 108 | 196 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 50 (41.4, 57.6) | 50 (43.0, 57.3) | 49.7 (42.9, 56.5) | – | ||||
| VAS | ||||||||
| Dion et al. [16] | 1999–2000 | Canada | Within 2 weeks of TB diagnosis, N | 17 | 25 | 0 | 8 subjects 6 months post-TB treatment completion | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 78 (49, 100) | 89 (71, 100) | – | 88 (68, 100) | ||||
| Guo et al. [21] | 2008a | Canada | One to two months of TB treatment, N | 84 | 78 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 66 (61, 71) | 87 (84, 90) | – | – | ||||
| BDI short form | ||||||||
| Westaway et al. [53] | 1992a | South Africa | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized, N | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 8.0 (7.0, 9.1) | – | – | – | ||||
| BDQ | ||||||||
| Aydin et al. [2] | 1999 | Turkey | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized (new/default/MDR), N | 42/38/39 | 0 | 0 | 38 COPD patients | |
| Mean total score new/default/MDR (95 % CI)b | 2.8/2.9/5.7 (1.5, 4.1/1.8, 4.0/4.5, 6.9) | – | – | 9.0 (7.6, 10.4) | ||||
| CES-D | ||||||||
| Kruijshaar et al. [29] | 2008 | England | At TB diagnosis, N | 61 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 22 (18, 25) | – | – | – | ||||
| One to two months of TB treatment, N | 61 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 13 (8, 18) | – | – | – | ||||
| DR-12 | ||||||||
| Dhingra et al. [13, 14] | 2002 | India | Beginning of TB treatment, N | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 25.6 (24.3, 26.9) | – | – | – | ||||
| Completion of initial phase TB treatment, N | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 33.1 (32.3, 33.9) | – | – | – | ||||
| At TB treatment completion, N | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 34.6 (34.1, 35.0) | – | – | – | ||||
| DUKE | ||||||||
| Vinaccia et al. [49] | 2007a | Colombia | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 14.3 (13.4, 15.2) | – | – | – | ||||
| DAQ | ||||||||
| Bhatia et al. [6] | 2001a | India | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Range domain mean scores | 70.8–86.4 | – | – | – | ||||
| HUI 2 | ||||||||
| Guo et al. [21] | 2008a | Canada | One to two months of TB treatment, N | 84 | 78 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 0.85 (0.80, 0.89) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.95) | – | – | ||||
| HUI 3 | ||||||||
| Guo et al. [21] | 2008a | Canada | One to two months of TB treatment, N | 84 | 78 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 0.76 (0.70, 0.82) | 0.90 (0.86, 0.94) | – | – | ||||
| Kessler 10 | ||||||||
| Deribew et al. [12] | 2009 | Ethiopia | Within the initial phase TB treatment, hospitalized & HIV co-infected with 75 % subjects on ART, N | 467 | 0 | 0 | 155 HIV-only patients on ART | |
| n (%) depressed among those in good physical health | 7 (37) | – | – | 59 (27) | ||||
| n (%) depressed among those in poor physical health | 12 (63) | – | – | 159 (73) | ||||
| Life Satisfaction Index Z | ||||||||
| Fu et al. [20] | 2001–2004 | China | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 510 | 0 | 100 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 7.2 (6.9, 7.5) | – | 9.1 (8.5, 9.7) | – | ||||
| Modified SF-36 | ||||||||
| Rajeswari et al. [40] | 2001 | India | At TB diagnosis. N | 610 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Range of n (%) reporting good HRQOL (physical/mental/social domains) | 34 (5.5)–484 (79)/101 (17)–373 (61)/347 (57)–562 (92) | – | – | – | ||||
| After initial intensive phase TB treatment. N | 610 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Range of n (%) reporting good HRQOL (physical/mental/social domains) | 156 (26)–209 (34)/160 (26)–566 (93)/351 (56)–562 (92) | – | – | – | ||||
| At TB treatment completion. N | 610 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Range of n (%) reporting good HRQOL (physical/mental/social domains) | 85 (14)–483 (79)/325 (53)–584 (96)/365 (60)–562 (92) | – | – | – | ||||
| Modified SGRQ | ||||||||
| Maguire et al. [32] | 2003–2004 | Indonesia | At TB diagnosis, N | 115 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 44.6 (40.2, 48.9) | – | – | – | ||||
| One to two months of TB treatment, N | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 19 (17.0, 21.0) | – | – | – | ||||
| Six to eight months of TB treatment, N | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 7 (5.0, 9.0) | – | – | – | ||||
| PSE | ||||||||
| Aghanwa et al. [1] | 1995–1996 | Nigeria | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 53 | 0 | 20 | 20 long-stay orthopedic patients | |
| n (%) of patients with a psychiatric disorder | 16 (30) | – | 2 (10) | 1 (5) | ||||
| RSE | ||||||||
| Westaway et al. [53] | 1992a | South Africa | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized, N | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 28.0 (26.8, 29.2) | – | – | – | ||||
| SAS | ||||||||
| Fu et al. [20] | 2001–2004 | China | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 510 | 0 | 100 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 39.8 (39.1, 40.5) | – | 36.4 (35.1, 37.7) | – | ||||
| SDS | ||||||||
| Fu et al. [20] | 2001–2004 | China | Unspecified time during TB treatment, N | 510 | 0 | 100 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 43.7 (43.1, 44.3) | – | 39.9 (38.6, 41.2) | – | ||||
| SSRS | ||||||||
| Yang et al. [59] | 2003 | China | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized, N | 132 | 0 | 71 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 36.5 (NA) | – | 36.5 | – | ||||
| SGRQ | ||||||||
| Pasipanodya et al. [38] | 2005–2006 | USA | Six to eight months of TB treatment, N | 105 | 199 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 24 (19.6, 28.4) | 10 (8.0, 12.0) | – | – | ||||
| SCL-90 | ||||||||
| Yang et al. [59] | 2003 | China | Unspecified time during TB treatment, hospitalized, N | 132 | 0 | 71 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 36.1 (NA) | – | 24.9 | – | ||||
| VHI-10 | ||||||||
| Yelken et al. [60] | 2008a | Turkey | At start of TB treatment, N | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Median score (range) | 24 (22–24) | – | – | – | ||||
| Six to eight months of TB treatment, N | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Median score (range) | 12 (9, 15) | – | – | – | ||||
| WHOQOL-BREF | ||||||||
| Dhuria et al. [15 | 2004–2005 | India | At start of TB treatment, N | 90 | 0 | 90 | 0 | |
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 11.8 (11.5, 12.0) | – | 14.2 (14.0, 14.4) | – | ||||
| Three months of TB treatment, N | 90 | 0 | Not available | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 13.2 (13.0, 13.5) | – | – | – | ||||
| At treatment completion, N | 90 | 0 | Not available | 0 | ||||
| Mean total score (95 % CI) | 13.9 (13.7, 14.2) | – | – | – | ||||
| WHOQOL-HIV | ||||||||
| Deribew et al. [12] | 2009 | Ethiopia | Within the initial phase TB treatment, hospitalized & HIV co-infected, N with 75 % subjects on ART | 467 | 0 | 0 | 155 HIV-only patients on ART | |
| Range mean domain scores | 12.4–17.9 | – | – | 11.6–16.5 | ||||
CI confidence interval, NA data not available
aDate reflects publication date; data collection data not available
bNew = new case of active TB for that patient; default = defaulted from previous TB treatment regimen; MDR = multidrug resistant TB