Table 1.
Maternal and fetal condition associated with gallstones in the fetal population.
| Maternal |
| Placental abruption |
| Increased estrogen levels |
| Narcotics use |
| Prolonged fast |
| Diabetes of any type |
| Enteral nutrition |
| Pharmacological treatment (ceftriaxone, furosemide, prostaglandin E2) |
| Intoxication with denatured oil treated with steroid |
| Sepsis |
| Fetal |
| Rhesus or ABO blood group incompatibility |
| Congenital anomalies (cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary) |
| Twin pregnancy with fetal demise of one twin |
| Genetic anomalies (trisomy 21) |
| Chromosomal aberrations (translocation 10;11) |
| Growth restriction |
| Oligohydramnios |
| Hepatitis |
| Prenatal leukemoid reaction |
| Idiopathic |