Fig. 6. Effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) on the expression of cytokines in UV-irradiated SP-1 keratinocytes. Before UV irradiation, SP-1 keratinocyte were treated with serum free Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) containing total extract or saponin of KRG (SKRG) (10, 20, and 50 ppm). After 24 h, SP-1 keratinocytes were irradiated with UVB at a dose of 30 mJ/cm2. Immediately, the cells were treated with 2% newborn calf serum EMEM containing total extract or SKRG (10, 20, and 50 ppm). After 24 h, the conditioned media was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as described in the Materials and Methods section. (A) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, (B) granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), (C) interleukin (IL)-4, and (D) interferon (IFN)-γ. Data are shown as average±SEM, DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, compared with the control.
