Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics and EV71 detection in children with HFMD.
| Characteristics | Enrolled cases (n=443) | Uncomplicated cases (n=304) | Severe cases (n=139) | OR | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | |||||
| Median | 25.9 | 25.1 | 27.7 | ||
| <12 | 49 (11.1%) | 38 (12.5%) | 11 (7.9%) | 0.60 | 0.153 |
| 12–23 | 180 (40.5%) | 124 (40.8%) | 56 (40.3%) | 0.98 | 0.921 |
| 23–35 | 114 (25.7%) | 81 (26.6%) | 33 (23.7%) | 0.86 | 0.517 |
| 36–47 | 63 (14.2%) | 38 (12.5%) | 25 (18.0%) | 1.54 | 0.125 |
| 48–60 | 37 (8.4%) | 23 (7.6%) | 14 (10.1%) | 1.37 | 0.376 |
| Gender | |||||
| Boys | 290 (65.5%) | 201 (66.1%) | 89 (64.0%) | 0.91 | 0.668 |
| Girls | 153 (34.5%) | 103 (33.9%) | 50 (36.0%) | 1.10 | 0.668 |
| Exposure history | |||||
| Contact with cases | 51 (11.5%) | 30 (9.9%) | 21 (15.1%) | 1.63 | 0.109 |
| Household registration | |||||
| Local | 314 (70.9%) | 233 (76.7%) | 81 (58.3%) | 0.43 | 0 |
| Migrant | 129 (29.1%) | 71 (23.3%) | 58 (41.7%) | 2.35 | 0 |
| Child care | |||||
| Home care | 339 (76.5%) | 243 (79.9%) | 96 (69.1%) | 0.56 | 0.012 |
| Day care centre/kindergartens | 104 (23.5%) | 61 (20.1%) | 43 (30.9%) | 1.78 | 0.012 |
| Residence | |||||
| Urban | 169 (38.1%) | 119 (39.1%) | 50 (36.0%) | 0.87 | 0.523 |
| Suburb | 166 (37.5%) | 118 (38.8%) | 48 (34.5%) | 0.83 | 0.387 |
| Rural | 108 (24.4%) | 67 (22.0%) | 41 (29.5%) | 1.48 | 0.09 |
| Mother's education | |||||
| Elementary–middle school | 181 (40.9%) | 112 (36.8%) | 69 (49.6%) | 1.69 | 0.011 |
| High or technical school | 132 (29.8%) | 98 (32.2%) | 34 (24.5%) | 0.68 | 0.097 |
| College or above | 130 (29.3%) | 94 (30.9%) | 36 (25.9%) | 0.78 | 0.281 |
| EV71 infection | |||||
| Shanghai | 79/110 (71.8%) | 33/63 (52.4%) | 46/47 (97.9%) | 41.8 | 0 |
| Chongqing | 80/97 (82.5%) | 37/48 (77.1%) | 43/49 (87.8%) | 2.13 | 0.167 |
| Guangzhou | 27/91 (29.7%) | 11/64 (17.2%) | 16/27 (59.3%) | 7.01 | 0 |
| Shantou | 26/93 (28.0%) | 22/88 (25%) | 4/5 (80%) | 12 | 0.008 |
| Four regions | 212/391 (54.2%) | 103/263 (39.1%) | 109/128 (85.1%) | 8.35 | 0 |
Abbreviations: EV71, enterovirus 71; HFMD, hand, foot and mouth disease; OR, odds ratio.