Table 2.
Antimicrobial peptides isolated from marine Proteobacteria.
| Class/Order | Producers | Compounds | Activity | Biosynthesis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| α-Proteobacteria | ||||
| Rhodobacterales | Oceanibulbus indolifex | Cyclic dipeptides | Antibacterial | Unknown |
| Phaeobacter sp. | Indigoidine | Antibacterial (Gram-negative) | NRPS | |
| γ-Proteobacteria | ||||
| Vibrionales | Vibrio sp. | Andrimid Moiramide (pseudopeptides) | Antibacterial | Hybrid NRPS-PKS (<100 kDa) |
| Kahalalides (depsipeptides) | Antifungal | Unknown | ||
| Photobacterium halotolerans | Holomycin (pyrrothine) | Bacteriostatic | NRPS described in Streptomyces clavuligerus | |
| Photobacterium sp. | Unnarmicins (depsipeptides) | Antibacterial (Gram-negative) | Unknown | |
| Ngercheumicins (depsipeptides) | Antibacterial (Gram-negative) | Unknown | ||
| Solonamides (depsipeptides) | Antibacterial (Gram-negative) | Unknown | ||
| Alteromonadales | Pseudoalteromonas sp. | Thiomarinols (pyrrothine) | Antibacterial | NRPS (pTLM1) |
| Cyclopeptides | Antibacterial | Unknown | ||
| Lipopeptides | Antibacterial | NRPS | ||
| Pseudomonadales | Pseudomonas sp. | Massetolides (cyclic lipopeptides) | Antimycobacterial | NRPS described in Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| δ-Proteobacteria | ||||
| Myxococcales | Myxococcus fulvus | Myxovalargins (polyketide/polypeptide hybrid) | Antibacterial | Unknown |
| Althiomycin (polyketide/polypeptide hybrid) | Antibacterial | Hybrid NRPS-PKS described in Mycococcus xanthus | ||
| Myxothiazols | Antifungal | NRPS described in Stigmatella aurantiaca | ||
| Paraliomyxa miuraensis | Miuraenamides (depsipeptides) | Antifungal | Unknown |