Table 1.
Fatty Acids composition (% w/w of total amount of fatty acids) of G. gracilis sampled in four different seasons.
| Fatty Acids Methyl Esters | Structure | Fatty Acid Content (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 July | 11 October | 12 January | 12 April | ||
| Methyl decanoate | C10:0 | 0.05 a | 0.03 b | nd | 0.03 b |
| Methyl undecanoate | C11:0 | 0.01 | nd | nd | nd |
| Methyl dodecanoate | C12:0 | 0.28 a | 0.35 a | 0.06 b | 0.12 c |
| Methyl tridecanoate | C13:0 | 0.06 a | 0.07 a | 0.02 b | 0.03 b |
| Methyl 9-tetradecenoate | 9-C14:1 | 0.02 a | 0.39 b | 0.74 c | 0.55 d |
| Methyl tetradecanoate | C14:0 | 5.48 a | 5.55 a | 3.48 b | 5.13 a |
| cis-10 Pentadecenoic Acid Methyl Ester | 10-C15:1 | nd | 0.15 a | 0.03 b | 0.04 b |
| Pentadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester | C15:0 | 1.03 a | 1.32 b | 0.52 c | 0.53 c |
| Palmitoleic Acid Methyl Ester | 9-C16:1 | 3.84 a | 8.19 b | 2.21 c | 8.81 d |
| Palmitic Acid Methyl Ester | C16:0 | 25.67 a | 38.13 b | 28.55 c | 29.29 c |
| cis-10 Heptadecenoic Acid Methyl Ester | 10-C17:1 | 0.14 a | 1.12 b | 0.23 c | 0.24 c |
| Heptadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester | C17:0 | 0.64 a | 1.14 b | 0.20 c | 0.30 c |
| Linolenic Acid Methyl Ester | C18:3n-3 | 0.42 a | 0.23 b | 0.09 c | 3.88 d |
| Linoleic Acid Methyl Ester | C18:2n-6c | 4.85 a | 2.49 b | 1.33 c | 4.14 d |
| Oleic Acid Methyl Ester | C18:1n-9c | 10.78 a | 8.79 b | 5.76 c | 9.12 b |
| Elaidic Acid Methyl Ester | C18:1n-9t | 4.16 a | 6.15 b | 3.22 c | 2.02 d |
| Stearic Acid Methyl Ester | C18:0 | 3.35 a | 3.62 a | 1.87 b | 2.30 c |
| Arachidonic Acid Methyl Ester | C20:4n-6 | 33.27 a | 16.05 b | 47.78 c | 38.30 d |
| cis-5-8-11-14-17-Eicosapentaenoic Acid Methyl Ester | C20:5n-3 | 1.13 a | 1.84 b | 0.24 c | 3.93 d |
| cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic Acid Methyl Ester | C20:3n-3 | 2.48 a | 1.23 b | 2.07 c | 2.82 a |
| cis-11,14-Eicosdienoic Acid Methyl Ester | 11,14-C20:2 | 0.32 a | 0.25 b | 0.23 b,c | 0.19 c |
| cis-8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid Methyl Ester | 8,11,14-C20:3n-6 | nd | 0.32 a | 0.71 b | nd |
| cis-11 Eicosenoic Acid Methyl Ester | 11-C20:1 | 0.28 | nd | nd | nd |
| Arachidic Acid Methyl Ester | C20:0 | 0.15 a | 0.40 b | 0.08 c | 0.61 d |
| Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester | C21:1 | 0.02 a | 0.02 a | 0.04 b | 0.02 a |
| cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic Acid Methyl Ester | C22:6n-3 | 0.23 a | 0.43 b | 0.03 c | 0.12 d |
| Erucidic Acid Methyl Ester | C22:1n-9 | 0.65 a | 0.34 b | 0.19 c | 0.13 c |
| Docosanoic Acid Methyl Ester | C22:0 | 0.26 a | 0.38 b | 0.09 c | 0.19 d |
| Tricosanoic Acid Methyl Ester | C23:0 | 0.08 a | 0.16 b | 0.02 c | 0.02 c |
| cis-15-Tetracosenoic Acid Methyl Ester | 15-C24:1 | 0.09 a | 0.31 b | 0.15 c | 0.15 c |
| Tetracosanoic Acid Methyl Ester | C24:0 | 0.27 a | 0.56 b | 0.05 c | 0.15 d |
| TOTAL (mg g−1 dry weight) | 4.71 a | 3.14 b | 4.18 a | 6.67 c | |
| SFA (% w/w) | 37.33 a | 51.71 b | 34.94 c | 34.19 c | |
| MUFA (% w/w) | 19.98 a | 25.31 b | 12.54 c | 18.60 a | |
| PUFA (% w/w) | 42.70 a | 22.52 b | 51.77 c | 47.18 a | |
| PUFAω6 (% w/w) | 38.12 a | 18.86 b | 49.82 c | 37.51 a | |
| PUFAω3 (% w/w) | 4.26 a | 3.73 a,b | 2.43 b | 9.51 c | |
| ω6/ω3 | 8.96 a | 5.06 b | 20.48 c | 3.95 b | |
SFA: Saturated Fatty Acids; MUFA: Mono-Unsaturated Fatty Acids; PUFA: Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids. ω6/ω3: ratio of ω6 and ω3 Fatty Acids; nd: not detected. a–d Row wise values with different superscripts of this type indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).