Table 6.

Effect of UPW-RMD and DOW-RMD on serum D-3-hydroxybutyrate, and creatine kinase in male SD rat.

Groups	D-3-hydroxybutyrate (mmole/L)	Creatine kinase (U/L)
NOR	1.86 ± 0.43 b	111.8 ± 55.7 ab
HF	2.06 ± 0.30 b	108.8 ± 67.6 ab
UPW-R-1X	0.46 ± 0.23 a	76.9 ± 19.4 ab
DOW-R-1X	0.31 ± 0.07 a	75.3 ± 27.4 ab
DOW-R-2X	0.57 ± 0.18 a	69.9 ± 16.4 a
MS	0.14 ± 0.04 a	115.7 ± 32.9 b
AK	0.27 ± 0.09 a	107.3 ± 15.8 b

NOR, normal diet (3.34 kcal/g); HF, high-fat diet (4.17 kcal/g); UPW-R-1X, UPW-RMD powder (1×, 27.81 mg/day 100 g bw) and high-fat diet; DOW-R-1X, DOW-RMD powder (1×, 27.81 mg/day 100 g bw) and high-fat diet; DOW-R-2X, DOW-RMD powder (2×, 55.62 mg/day 100 g bw) and high-fat diet; and high-fat diet; MS, monascin powder (2×, 0.152 mg/day 100 g bw) and high-fat diet; AK, ankaflavin powder (2×, 0.162 mg/day 100 g bw) and high-fat diet. Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 8). Mean values within each column with different superscripts are significant difference (p < 0.05).