Effect of leucine, isoleucine, and valine on in vitro mRNA expression of (A) ACC, (B) FAS, (C) SREBP-2, and (D) HMGCR. NCI-H716 cells (2 × 106) were incubated for 42 h with Dulbecco’s Minimal Eagle’s Medium plus 0.2% bovine serum albumin with or without one of the treatments (w/v). Due to lower solubility, leucine concentrations are 1.5% and 2.0% instead of 2.0% and 3.0%. Values are means ± SEMs of four experiments. Treatments with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05). ACC, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase; FAS, fatty acid synthase; HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase; SREBP-2, sterol regulatory element binding protein-2.