Table 1. Examples of legal and illicit substances that produce effects on the body and cognitive functions.

Legality	Effect of Substance
	Physical	Cognitive
Enhancement (legal or freely available substances)	e.g. creatine, vitamins, minerals,carbohydrates, proteins	e.g. caffeinated drinks, gingko biloba
Doping (illicit or banned substances/illicit substancesor pharmaceuticals)	e.g. anabolic androgenic steroids, humangrowth hormones, erythropoietin	e.g. modafinil, methylphenidate, antidepressants, beta-blockers