Table 1. Basic characteristics study participants and scores of the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and Geriatric Depression Scale.
| Characteristic | Total participants (N = 3041) | MMSE-K | Geriatric Depression Scale |
| N (%) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1298(42.7) | 27.7(2.9) | 4.1(3.9) |
| Female | 1743(57.3) | 26.5(3.3) | 5.5(4.3) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 2361(77.6) | 27.2(3.0) | 4.5(4.0) |
| Single/widowed/divorced | 680(22.4) | 26.3(3.7) | 6.2(4.5) |
| Number of housemates (missing in 1) | |||
| 0 | 242(8.0) | 26.6(3.3) | 6.3(4.2) |
| 1 | 1279(42.1) | 27.0(3.2) | 4.7(4.1) |
| 2 | 627(20.6) | 27.4(3.0) | 4.7(4.1) |
| 3 or more | 892(29.3) | 26.9(3.3) | 4.8(4.2) |
| Employment status (missing in 1) | |||
| Unemployed | 988(32.5) | 26.7(3.6) | 5.7(4.5) |
| Employed | 2052(67.5) | 27.2(3.0) | 4.5(4.0) |
| Schooling | |||
| No | 1047(34.4) | 26.0(3.4) | 6.4(4.3) |
| 1–6 years | 1362(44.8) | 27.1(3.2) | 4.4(4.0) |
| 7–9 years | 294(9.7) | 28.3(2.4) | 3.4(3.5) |
| 10 years or more | 338(11.1) | 28.7(1.5) | 2.9(3.2) |
| Smoking | |||
| Currently non-smoker | 2093(68.8) | 26.9(3.2) | 4.9(4.2) |
| Current smoker | 948(31.2) | 27.3(3.2) | 4.8(4.2) |
| Drinking (missing in 1) | |||
| Currently non-drinker | 2011(66.1) | 26.9(3.2) | 5.0(4.2) |
| Current drinker | 1029(33.8) | 27.3(3.2) | 4.5(4.1) |
| Medical insurance (missing in 12) | |||
| National Health Iinsurance | 2948(96.9) | 27.1(3.1) | 4.7(4.1) |
| Medical Aid Program | 81(2.7) | 25.8(4.5) | 9.1(4.8) |