Table 1. Overview of participantś baseline characteristics.
Cntr | PD group | p-values | ||||
non-DBS | DBS | Controls vs.non-DBS | Controls vs.DBS | non-DBS vs.DBS | ||
n = 19 | n = 26 | n = 21 | ||||
[n = 18] | [n = 19] | |||||
Characteristics | ||||||
M (± SD) | M (± SD) | M (± SD) | ||||
Age (years) | 67.2 (±8.1) | 67.3 (±8.2) | 64.7 (±8.6) | .97 | .35 | .30 |
[65.5 (±8.5)] | [65.2 (±8.0)] | [±.54] | [±.44] | [±.90] | ||
Educ. (years) | 10.7 (±1.9) | 10.7 (±1.6) | 10.2 (±1.5) | .88 | .36 | .38 |
[10.8 (±1.7)] | [10.4 (±1.5)] | [±.38] | [±1.00] | [±.38] | ||
Gender (f/m) | 7/12 | 13/13 | 4/17 | .38 | .21 | .03 |
[9/9] | [4/15] | [±.42] | [±.28] | [±.07] | ||
Handedness (r/l) | 16/3 | 24/2 | 20/1 | .39 | .25 | 0.68 |
[16/2] | [18/1] | [±.68] | [±.29] | [±.52] | ||
net PANDA | 19.5 (±3.1) | 18.0 (±3.1) | 17.5 (±3.3) | .17 | .06 | .65 |
(points) | [18.6 (±3.6)] | [17.5 (±3.4)] | [±.33] | [±1.00] | [±.33] | |
Disease duration | 11.2 (±6.2) | 14.1 (±4.5) | .07 | |||
(years) | [14.5 (±4.0)] | [15.1 (±3.5)] | [±.63] | |||
Side of onset | 14/9/3 | 17/2/2 | .11 | |||
(r/l/b) | [9/6/3] | [15/2/2] | [±.16] | |||
LED (mg) | 1147.4 (±755.6) | 573.6 (±383.2) | .00 | |||
[1341.9 (±788.1)] | [570.1 (±349.3)] | [±.00] | ||||
UPDRS III (points) | 25.0 (±14.1) | 19.8 (±7.1) | .13 | |||
[27.2 (±15.5)] | [20.6 (±6.9)] | [±.10] | ||||
HY (stage) | 2.1 (±.9) | 2.6 (±.7) | .08 | |||
[2.1 (±1.0)] | [2.6 (±.7)] | [.92] |
HY: Hoehn & Yahr; net PANDA: Parkinson Neuropsychometric Dementia Assessment (PANDA) after subtraction of the test item Verbal Fluency (max. = 23 pt); f: female; m: male; r: right; l: left; b: bilaterally; LED: total daily levodopa equivalent dose; UPDRS III: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale – motor score (max. = 108 pt).
Values indicate the mean (± standard deviation). Values in each upper row relate to each entire group of patients. Values in the lower rows, given in brackets, relate to the subgroup of long-term diseased patients. Disease related values refer to the treatment ON condition.