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. 2013 Sep 18;143(12):1906–1912. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.180695

TABLE 2.

Final and validated model based on breast milk glycans that predicts GDM in study participants1

Glycan Non-GDM (n = 16) GDM (n = 8) FDR-adjusted P value Power
1 × 104 1 × 104
Lactoferrin
 Complex hybrid 3.31 ± 2.31 7.72 ± 4.52 0.023 0.66
 Fucosylated 11.6 ± 4.01 41.8 ± 22.7 0.0001 1.0
 Sialylated 14.4 ± 9.37 29.7 ± 12.1 0.009 0.87
 Fucosylated and sialylated 112 ± 33.6 176 ± 36.1 0.004 0.94
 Total 142 ± 40.8 256 ± 32.0 0.0001 1.0
 5411 55.7 ± 19.6 97.6 ± 14.4 0.001 0.99
sIgA
 High mannose 33.6 ± 10.6 22.4 ± 11.2 0.020 0.73
 Fucosylated 85.2 ± 36.3 48.9 ± 17.5 0.011 0.82
 Sialylated 116 ± 59.6 66.3 ± 42.2 0.020 0.70
 Fucosylated + sialylated 222 ± 104 150 ± 81.4 0.041 0.54
 Total 519 ± 204 324 ± 175 0.016 0.77
1

Values are means ± SDs. FDR, false discovery rate; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; sIgA, secretory IgA; 5411, N-glycan containing 5 hexoses, 4 N-acetyl-hexosamines, 1 fucose, 1 sialic acid.

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