Table 2.
Descriptive (mean ±standard deviation and confidence interval) and inferential statistics for training and drill items
| Exercises | Items | Groups
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Novice (n=35) | Intermediate (n=42) | Elite (n=15) | F (p)* | Tukey HSD (p)* | ||
| -Cooperation: 81.1 ±18.6 [77.7–84.9] | 76.0 ± 18.7 [69.6–82.4] | 82.4 ± 18.8 [76.5–88.3] | 89.3 ± 14.9 [81.1–97.6] | 3.012 (0.054) | b) p=0.008; | |
| -Opposition: 79.1 ±17.0 [75.6–82.7] | 72.6 ± 16.9 [66.8–78.4] | 81.4 ± 16.2 [76.4–86.5] | 88.0 ± 14.7 [79.8–96.2] | 5.524 (0.005) | c) p=0.005; | |
| Components 80.6 ±11.6 [78.2–83.0] | -Competition: 85.4 ±17.1 [81.9–89.0] | 83.4 ± 18.5 [77.1–89.8] | 85.2 ± 17.1 [79.9–90.6] | 90.7 ± 12.8 [83.6–97.8] | 0.949 (0.391) | |
| -Repetition: 80.4 ±19.2 [76.5–84.4] | 79.4 ± 18.5 [73.1–85.8] | 82.4 ± 16.6 [77.2–87.6] | 77.3 ± 27.1 [62.3–92.3] | 0.454 (0.637) | ||
| -Execution speed: 81.7 ±16.7 [78.3–85.2] | 78.3 ± 17.7 [72.2–84.4] | 82.4 ± 16.1 [77.4–87.4] | 88.0 ± 14.7 [79.8–96.2] | 1.873 (0.160) | ||
| -Execution technique: 79.3 ±18.4 [75.5–83.2] | 76.6 ± 19.7 [69.8–83.3] | 80.5 ± 16.2 [75.4–85.5] | 82.7 ± 21.2 [70.9–94.4] | 0.718 (0.490) | ||
| -Length: 77.6 ±18.7 [73.7–81.5] | 74.3 ± 19.1 [67.7–80.9] | 78.6 ± 18.4 [72.8–84.3] | 82.7 ± 18.3 [72.5–92.8] | 1.159 (0.318) | b) p =0.036; | |
| -Execution timing: 81.1 ±17.6 [77.4–84.7] | 76.0 ± 18.7 [69.6–82.4] | 82.4 ± 17.2 [77.0–87.7] | 89.3 ± 12.8 [82.2–96.4] | 3.378 (0.039) | ||
| -Decision-making: 88.7 ±16.3 [85.3–92.1] | 84.6 ± 18.8 [78.1–91.0] | 90.5 ± 14.8 [85.9–95.1] | 93.3 ± 12.3 [86.5–100.2] | 2.017 (0.139) | ||
| -Space: 83.9 ±15.8 [80.7–87.2] | 80.6 ± 16.4 [74.9–86.2] | 84.8 ± 15.8 [79.8–89.7] | 89.3 ± 12.8 [82.2–96.4] | 1.765 (0.177) | ||
| -Game: 84.3 ±16.7 [80.9–87.8] | 82.9 ± 19.5 [76.2–89.6] | 85.2 ± 16.0 [80.3–90.2] | 85.3 ± 11.9 [78.8–91.9] | 0.221 (0.802) | ||
| -Enjoyment: 60.7 ±20.6 [56.2–64.9] | 61.1 ± 20.0 [54.3–68.0] | 59.5 ± 19.5 [53.4–65.6] | 62.7 ± 26.0 [48.2–77.1] | 0.141 (0.868) | ||
Values presented in the descriptive statistics are based on percentages; 0–20% - Rarely present; 21–40% - Unusually present; 41–60% - Present; 61–80% - Frequently present; 81–100% - Always present;
*
Significant differences at p<0.05 at between: b) Expert and Novice; and c) Intermediate and Novice;