Table.

Summary of Studies examining the relationship between race/ethnicity and colorectal cancer surveillance.

First author	Year	Sample (N)	Race/Ethnicity Detail	Dates of Diagnosis (follow-up time)	Findings
Cooper, G.S.	2000	SEER- Medicare cohort (N=5,716)	94% Non-black 6% Black	1991 (followed through 1994)	- 46.9% of blacks obtained a colonoscopy vs. 51.4% among  whites and 45% in patients of other races in 3 years (n.s.).
Elston Lafata, J.	2001	Multispeciality HMO, Michigan (N=251)	63% White 37% Minority  - 98% Black  - 2% Other	1990 – 1995 (median follow- up 4 yrs.)	- White participants more likely to receive colon exam  (colonoscopy, barium enema, or sigmoidoscopy) than  blacks (RR = 1.43,n.s.).
Cooper, G.S.	2004	SEER- Medicare cohort (N=33.8 million, not limited to cancer survivors)	87% White 7.81% Black 5.77% Other	Unknown diagnosis dates, Colonoscopy data from 1999	- Annualized rates of colonoscopy surveillance among males  was 0.62% among blacks vs. 1.28% among whites  (P<0.0001) - Annualized rates of colonoscopy surveillance among  females was 0.57% among blacks vs. 0.88% among whites  (P<0.0001).
Ellison, G.L.	2003	SEER- Medicare cohort (N=52,105)	86% White 6% Black 9% Other	1986-1996 (followed through 1998)	- Blacks were less likely than whites to have a first colon  exam (colonoscopy, endoscopy, barium enema) (RR=0.87,  P<0.05 among those diagnosed before 1991 and RR=0.75,  P<0.05 among those diagnosed 1991-1996). - Blacks were 9% less likely to have a second colon exam  than Whites. - At 18 months post-treatment, colon exams were conducted  among 57% of whites, 48% of blacks, and 45% of people of  other races. - At 3 years, colon exams were conducted among 67% of  whites, 61% of blacks, and 56% of people of other races. - At 5 years, colon exams were conducted among 74% of  whites, 70% of blacks, and 63% of people of other races.
Rulyak, S.J.	2004	Group Health Cooperative HMO, Washington (N=1,002)	93% White 4% Black 4% Other	1993-1999 (median follow- up 3.6 years)	- Blacks less likely to receive colon exams (colonoscopy,  barium enema, or sigmoidoscopy) than whites (RR=0.70,  n.s.). - Asians more likely to receive colon exams compared to  white patients (RR=1.37, n.s.).
Rolnick, S.	2005	11 HMOs in Cancer Research Network, U.S. (N=881)	75% White 25% Black	1990-2000 (5 years follow- up)	- Median time to exam (colonoscopy, barium enema, or  sigmoidoscopy) was 14.3 months for whites, 18.7 months  for blacks (P=0.0002). - Blacks were less likely to receive first surveillance exam at 1  year (HR=0.47, P=.0008), 3 years (HR=0.55, P<.0001), and  5 years (HR=0.59, P=.0009) post-treatment compared to  whites (HR = 0.62, P<0.05).
Cooper, G.S.	2008	SEER- Medicare cohort (N=9,426)	87% White 6% Black 3% Hispanic 1% Asian 2% Other	2000-2001 (3.5 years of follow-up)	- 3-year follow-up guidelines for colonoscopy were met by  65.4% black, 72.9% Hispanic, 74.6% white and 68.7% of  patients of other races (P= .001). - Blacks were significantly less likely than whites to undergo  colonoscopy within 3 yrs. (OR=0.57, P=0.001)
Salz, T.	2010	Multiregional population- based cohort study in U.S. (N=1,423)	67% White 18% Black 6% Hispanic 9% Other	2003-2005 (14 months of follow-up)	- Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to undergo  colonoscopy 14 months post-surgery (47% and45%,  respectively) than whites (49%). - Blacks were less likely than whites to receive a colonoscopy  in 14 months (OR=0.89, n.s.). - Hispanics were less likely than whites to receive a  colonoscopy (OR=0.95, n.s.), and participants of other races  were more likely than whites to receive a colonoscopy  (OR=1.50, n.s.).