Fig. 1.

Immunofluorescence for vincullin and actin on preosteoclasts on bone and dentin. Signals: actin (red), vinculin (green), colocalization of vinculin and actin gives a brilliant yellow color (white arrows). a Actin staining of cells on dentin surface; image plane: cell attachment site to matrix. b Vinculin staining of cells on dentin surface; imaged plane: cell attachment site to matrix. c Merged image of a and b. d Merged image of actin and vinculin staining of cells seeded on dentin; image plane: middle of the cell body. e Merged image of actin and vinculin immunofluorescence of cells seeded on bone; image plane: cell attachment site to matrix. f Merged image of actin and vinculin staining of cells seeded on bone; image plane: middle of the cell body. At attachment sites of cells to the substrate, vinculin and actin show a perfect colocalization in the dot-like adhesion sites (podosomes) on dentin as well as on bone. This colocalization is lost in the cell body on both mineralized materials. Scale bar 50 μm