Figure 3. CD154 deficiency results in significantly impaired allospecific CD8⁺ T-cell effector function.

(A) Representative ICCS for IFN-γ , TNF-α, APC- isotype control, and granzyme B in CD154^−/− and WT control recipients in d14 intragraft CD8⁺ T cells with medium, ex vivo BALB/c splenocyte restimulation or PMA/Ionomycin. Quadrant values represent detected frequencies of each population, gating on CD8⁺, H2D^d− T cells. (B) Mean CD8⁺ allospecific IFN-γ production, TNF-α production, , granzyme B expression at d14 from CD154^−/− or WT recipients by ICCS. Bars represent mean frequencies ± SEM from each treatment group with p-values determined by rank sum test. Results are combined from minimum 4 separate experiments with pooled responses from 3 to 5 mice per group.