Table 3.
Multivariable-adjusted mean (95% confidence interval) Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Stroop Test, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) scores according to abdominal aortic calcified plaque, year 25, CARDIA (n = 2,510).
| Abdominal aortic calcified plaque score (Agatston units)
|
p-trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 (n=1,213) | 1–99 (n=718) | 100–399 (n=311) | ≥400 (n=268) | ||
| DSST (symbols) | |||||
| Model 1 | 70.6 (69.8, 71.3) | 69.1 (68.1, 70.1) | 68.6 (67.1, 70.1) | 66.4 (64.8, 68.1) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 68.7 (67.3, 70.0) | 67.3 (65.9, 68.8) | 67.0 (65.2, 68.8) | 66.2 (64.4, 68.1) | 0.008 |
| Stroop Test (sec+errors) | |||||
| Model 1 | 22.5 (21.9, 23.0) | 22.3 (21.6, 23.0) | 23.8 (22.7, 24.8) | 24.1 (22.9, 25.3) | 0.008 |
| Model 2 | 23.4 (22.4, 24.3) | 23.1 (22.1, 24.1) | 24.2 (22.9, 25.4) | 24.0 (22.7, 25.3) | 0.28 |
| RAVLT (words) | |||||
| Model 1 | 8.4 (8.2, 8.5) | 8.4 (8.2, 8.6) | 8.0 (7.7, 8.3) | 7.7 (7.3, 8.0) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 8.1 (7.9, 8.4) | 8.2 (7.9, 8.5) | 7.8 (7.5, 8.2) | 7.7 (7.3, 8.1) | 0.04 |
Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race, educational attainment, and study center.
Model 2 was adjusted additionally for body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. An alternative model which adjusted simultaneously for HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and use of medications for dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes (separately) as opposed to the clinical classification of these conditions produced similar results.