Figure 12.

Monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells from different vascular beds. THP‐1 monocyte adhesion was assessed on unstimulated endothelial cells (basal) or after stimulation with TNF‐α (10 ng/mL), LPS (100 ng/mL), or IL‐1β (2.5 ng/mL) for 4 or 24 hours as indicated. For basal data, *P<0.05 vs BCECs and #P<0.05 vs SCECs. For different vascular bed data, *P<0.05 vs unstimulated control by 1‐way ANOVA with Tukey posttest (n=4 to 6 for each condition). Data are mean ± SEM. TNF‐α indicates tumor necrosis factor–α; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; IL‐1β, interleukin‐1β; BCECs, brachiocephalic artery endothelial cells; SCECs, subclavian artery endothelial cells; ANOVA, analysis of variance; SEM, standard error of the mean.