Table 2.
Vascular Variables at Baseline
| Control | DHA Supplemented | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Male | Female | All | Male | Female | |||||||
| N | 162 | 65 | 97 | 162 | 55 | 107 | ||||||
| Brachial artery | ||||||||||||
| Diameter, mm | 3.2 | 0.6 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 0.4 |
| Reactive hyperemia % | 713 | 249 | 613 | 232 | 778 | 240 | 759 | 276 | 665 | 216 | 808 | 292 |
| Flow‐mediated dilation, mm | 0.27 | 0.1 | 0.27 | 0.1 | 0.27 | 0.1 | 0.27 | 0.1 | 0.26 | 0.1 | 0.28 | 0.1 |
| Flow‐mediated dilation, % | 8.3 | 3.7 | 7.1 | 3.3 | 9.1 | 3.7 | 8.5 | 3.7 | 6.8 | 3.2 | 9.3 | 3.7 |
| Distention,* mm | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.04 |
| Distention,* % | 11.4 | 5.4 | 10.0 | 3.8 | 12.5 | 6.1 | 13.2 | 5.8 | 11.1 | 4.3 | 14.0 | 6.1 |
| Distensibilty coefficient,* ×10−3 kPa−1 | 8.4 | 3.9 | 7.3 | 2.7 | 9.2 | 4.4 | 9.8 | 4.7 | 8.8 | 5.5 | 10.3 | 4.2 |
| Right common carotid | ||||||||||||
| Diameter, mm | 6.5 | 0.5 | 6.8 | 0.5 | 6.3 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 0.5 | 6.8 | 0.5 | 6.3 | 0.4 |
| Distention, mm | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| Distention, % | 11.6 | 2.4 | 11.0 | 2.5 | 12.0 | 2.4 | 11.1 | 2.7 | 11.1 | 3.4 | 11.2 | 2.4 |
| Distensibilty coefficient, % (×10−3 kPa−1) | 33.8 | 7.3 | 30.3 | 6.2 | 36.3 | 7.0 | 34.5 | 10.3 | 33.0 | 14.4 | 35.3 | 7.5 |
| Carotid intima–media thickness, mm | 0.54 | 0.08 | 0.56 | 0.1 | 0.53 | 0.07 | 0.54 | 0.07 | 0.56 | 0.08 | 0.54 | 0.07 |
| Carotid–radial PWV, m/s | 8.6 | 1.2 | 8.9 | 1.1 | 8.3 | 1.2 | 8.6 | 1.4 | 8.6 | 1.2 | 8.6 | 1.4 |
Data are mean, SD except: mean, SD, and range. There is <5% loss of n for some variables. DHA indicates docosahexaenoic acid; PWV, pulse wave velocity.
*
N=110 in control and DHA‐supplemented groups.