Table 3.

Association of breast cancer risk factors with likelihood of p16 ^INK4, BRCA1 and ERα hypermethylation in EA and AA women

p16INK4 hypermethylation
	European-American women (n= 71)				African-American women (n= 69)
Variables	Negative	Positive	P-value	OR (95%CI)	Negative	Positive	P-value	OR (95%CI)
	(n= 43)	(n= 28)			(n= 54)	(n= 15)
Current smoking
No	32	26		1.00	42	9		1.00
Yes	7	2	0.291	0.4 (0.07,1.84)	9	6	0.07	3.1 (0.88,10.96)
Ever drinking
No	13	3		1.00	22	6		1.00
Yes	28	24	0.081	3.7 (0.95,14.60)	27	8	0.89	1.1 (0.33,3.60)
Family history of cancer
No	21	5		1.00	34	10		1.00
Yes	22	20	0.02	3.8 (1.21,12.03)	17	4	1.001	0.8 (0.22,2.93)
BRCA1 hypermethylation
	European-American women (n= 51)				African-American women (n= 49)
Variables	Negative	Positive	P-value	OR (95%CI)	Negative	Positive	P-value	OR (95%CI)
	(n= 43)	(n= 8)			(n= 40)	(n= 9)
Family history of cancer
No	23	1		1.00	31	4		1.00
Yes	18	6	0.101	7.7 (0.85,69.54)	6	5	0.021	6.5 (1.33,31.32)
Family history of breast cancer
No	34	6		1.00	33	5		1.00
Yes	7	2	0.631	1.62 (0.27,9.75)	6	4	0.081	4.4 (0.91,21.29)
ERα hypermethylation
	European-American women (n = 51)				African-American women (n = 49)
Variables	Negative	Positive	P-value	OR (95%CI)	Negative	Positive	P-value	OR (95%CI)
	(n= 48)	(n= 3)			(n= 43)	(n= 6)
Family history of cancer
No	23	1		1.00	33	2		1.00
Yes	22	2	1.001	2.1 (0.18,24.73)	8	3	0.081	6.2 (0.88,43.44)
Family history of breast cancer
No	39	1		1.00	35	3		1.00
Yes	7	2	0.081	11.1 (0.89,140.12)	7	3	0.101	5.0 (0.83,30.08)

¹Fisher’s exact test.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals estimated by logistic regression.