ER stress signaling in TC-PTP(+/+) and TC-PTP(−/−) MEFs.
Panel A, TC-PTP(+/+) and TC-PTP(−/−) MEFs were exposed to 1 μm thapsigargin (TG) for various periods (hr). Expression of GADD34, p-eIF2α, CHOP, and ATF4 proteins was analyzed by immunoblotting. Panel B, RT-qPCR of mRNAs extracted from vehicle- (DMSO) and thapsigargin (TG)-treated TC-PTP(+/+) and TC-PTP(−/−) MEFs was used to analyze the ER Stress-induced transcription of GADD34, ATF4, CHOP, and Xbp1. Data were normalized against the β-actin mRNA and were shown as the fold change or ratio of mRNAs from TC-PTP(−/−) or KO MEFs versus WT TC-PTP(+/+) MEFs with standard errors. The data were also statistically analyzed using Student's t test with ns representing not significant. Panel C, Xbp1 mRNAs, spliced and unspliced, were amplified from cDNA of TC-PTP(+/+) and TC-PTP(−/−) MEFs treated with either DMSO, 1 μm thapsigargin (TG), or 1 μm MG132 for 24 h.