FIGURE 1.

Decreased levels of FOG2 in glomeruli from mouse models of type 2 (db/db) and type 1 diabetes (streptozotocin-induced). A and B, representative immunohistochemistry staining of FOG2 in glomeruli from genetic control db/+ mouse (scale bar, 20 μm) (A) and from diabetic db/db mouse (B). C, percentage of FOG2-positive area. Significant decrease of FOG2 staining is observed in glomeruli from db/db mice compared with those from genetic control db/+ mice. To quantify the expression of FOG2, the positive stained areas/glomerular areas (%) were measured using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health). For each animal, 10 glomeruli were evaluated. Mean ± S.E. D, FOG2 mRNA expression in glomeruli. Significant decrease of FOG2 mRNA in glomeruli from db/db mice compared with those from genetic control db/+ mice. E, TGF-β1 mRNA expression in glomeruli. Significant increase in TGF-β1 mRNA in glomeruli from db/db mice compared with those from genetic control db/+ mice. Glomeruli were isolated by a sieving technique from eight mice in each group. Results were normalized with internal control 18 S. Mean ± S.E. F and G, representative immunohistochemistry staining of FOG2 in glomeruli from control (CON) mouse (scale bar, 20 μm) (F) and from STZ-induced diabetic mouse (G). H, percentage of FOG2-positive area. Significant decrease of FOG2 staining is observed in glomeruli from STZ compared with those from CON mice. For each animal, 10 glomeruli were evaluated. Mean ± S.E. I, FOG2 mRNA expression in glomeruli. Significant decrease of FOG2 mRNA in glomeruli from STZ mice compared with those from CON mice. J, TGF-β1 mRNA expression in glomeruli. Significant increase in TGF-β1 mRNA in glomeruli from STZ mice compared with those from CON mice. Glomeruli were isolated by a sieving technique from eight mice in each group. Results were normalized with internal control 18 S. Mean ± S.E. ** and * indicate p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively.