Table 1. Association of Beclin 1 expression with patient’s clinicopathologic characteristics in NSCLC.

Variable	All cases	Training Set (n = 105)			Testing Set (n = 111)
		High	Low	P	High	Low	P
Age (years)
≥ 60.0	105	26	21		25	33
< 60.0	111	30	28	0.713	25	28	0.667
Gender
Male	159	43	35		34	47
Female	57	13	14	0.531	16	14	0.285
Smoking history
Yes	128	35	27		27	39
No	88	21	22	0.442	23	22	0.289
CEA (ng/ml)
> 5.0	97	22	24		15	36
≤ 5.0	119	34	25	0.318	35	25	0.002
Initial clinical stage
i	79	27	11		23	18
II	59	20	11	0.000	12	16	0.169
III	78	9	27		15	27
Histology
Squamous cell carcinoma	45	14	9		10	12
Adenocarcinoma	165	42	40	0.412	38	45	0.839
Adenosquamous carcinoma	6	0	0		2	4
Differentiation
Well	44	12	7		10	15
Moderately	72	23	15	0.192	22	12	0.020
Poorly	100	21	27		18	34
Tumor stage
T1+T2	160	44	31		42	43
T3+T4	56	12	18	0.083	8	18	0.095
Lymph node metastasis
Negative	116	40	19		29	28
Positive	100	16	30	0.001	21	33	0.205
Recurrence
Positive	117	17	33		22	45
Negative	99	39	16	0.000	28	16	0.001