FIG. 2.

SODIS of various test organisms contained in Housatonic River water and exposed to sunlight in a reflective pouch. (A) Inactivation of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium (ST) and Shigella sonnei (SS) inoculated in sterilized water and placed in direct sunlight (Reflect) or protected beneath a cardboard box (Control). (B) Inactivation of the native microflora of nonsterile river water exposed to sunlight (Reflect) or protected beneath a cardboard box (Control), where total viable bacteria and presumptive coliforms were enumerated on PCA and VRBA, respectively. (C) Inactivation of MS2 bacteriophage (ATCC 15597-B1) and E. coli O18:H11 (ATCC 35401) inoculated in sterilized river water and exposed to sunlight (UV) or protected beneath a cardboard box (Control). All values cited above are presented as the means with two standard deviations.