TABLE 1.

Summary of the fermentation parameters for the growth of B. animalis DN-173 010 on different carbohydrates^a

Parameterb	Lactose	1% Raftilose	2% Raftilose	1% Synergyl	2% Synergyl
ODmax	12.4	6.0	7.5	3.9	6.4
CDMmax	5.4	1.8	2.2	1.2	2.1
CFUmax	2.9 × 109	2.1 × 109	6.6 × 108	1.8 × 109	2.8 × 109
First exponential growth
μmax	0.63 (0.99)	0.53 (0.99)	0.64 (0.99)	0.68 (0.99)	0.69 (0.99)
YX/S	0.20 (0.96)	0.30 (0.99)	0.22 (0.98)	0.22 (0.92)	0.31 (0.99)
YP/S	0.0063 (0.96)	0.0089 (0.87)	0.012 (0.99)	0.0029 (0.68)	0.0010 (0.78)
Linear growth (Raftilose) or second exponential growth (Synergyl)
μmax				0.23 (0.99)	0.28 (0.99)
YX/S		0.25 (0.98)	0.17 (0.98)	0.30 (0.80)	0.32 (0.94)
YP/S		0.022 (0.99)	0.017 (0.93)	0.047 (0.81)	0.022 (0.93)
Linear growth
YX/S				0.23 (0.63)	0.27 (0.73)
YP/S				0.031 (0.97)	0.021 (0.89)
End of the fermentation
A/L	2.4	11.6	3.1	7.8	2.6
A/F	7.1	1.9	2.8	1.1	1.1
L/F	2.9	0.17	0.91	0.14	0.43

^aNumbers in parentheses are correlation coefficients.

^bOD_max, maximal observed OD₆₀₀; CDM_max, maximal observed CDM (in grams of CDM liter⁻¹; standard deviation was 0.03 g of CDM liter⁻¹); CFU_max, maximal observed number of CFU milliliter⁻¹; μ_max, maximal specific growth rate (hours⁻¹); Y_X/S, cell yield coefficient (grams of CDM gram of substrate⁻¹); Y_P/S, product yield coefficient (moles of metabolites gram of substrate⁻¹); A/L, moles of acetic acid mole of lactic acid⁻¹; A/F, moles of acetic acid mole of formic acid⁻¹; L/F, moles of lactic acid mole of formic acid⁻¹.