Type I error rate and power of LIME having family samples FS1–FS3. FS1 comprises of 150 case-sibling-parents families and 150 control-parents families, with the probabilities of father missing being 0.5 and 0.7 in the case and control families, respectively. FS2 is the subsample composed of complete families, whereas FS3 is the one with incomplete families. In the left panel, neither AE nor MS holds, and in the right panel, both AE and MS hold. The prevalence is 0.15. The X-axis represents the eight simulation settings of relative risks given in Table 3. The horizontal line marks the nominal α level of 0.05.