Table 3. Adjusteda OR for poor (lowest quartile) vs the best (highest quartile) performance on cognitive tests in subjects with late AMD or drusen: the Tromsø Eye Study.
| Cases | Verbal memory test | Digit-symbol coding test | Tapping test | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
OR |
95% CI |
OR |
95% CI |
OR |
95% CI |
| Normal phenotype | 813 | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference | 1.0 | Reference |
| Intermediate drusen | 732 | 1.1 | 0.8–1.8 | 1.6 | 1.0–2.6 | 1.5 | 1.0–2.4 |
| Large drusen | 514 | 1.0 | 0.6–1.6 | 1.9 | 1.1–3.5 | 1.6 | 1.0–2.6 |
| Late AMD | 76 | 2.0 | 0.6–6.4 | 2.0 | 0.3–15.7 | 2.2 | 0.7–7.1 |
| p for trend | P=0.62 | P=0.02 | P=0.01 | ||||
Abbreviations: AMD, CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
a
The verbal memory test adjusted for age, sex, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, and the highest level of education attained; the digit-symbol coding test adjusted for age, sex, depression, alcohol consumption, and the highest level of education attained; the tapping test adjusted for age, sex, total cholesterol, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and the highest level of education attained.