TABLE 1.
Bacterial strains and plasmids
| Strain or plasmid | Relevant characteristic(s) | Source or reference |
|---|---|---|
| Strains | ||
| E. coli TG1 | SupE hsdΔ5 thi Δ(lac-proAB)F′ [tra D36 pro AB+ lacIqlacZΔM15] | 20 |
| BL21 (DE3) | F−ompT hsdSB (rB− mB−) gal dcm (DE3) | Invitrogen |
| L. plantarum | ||
| NC8 (LPNC8) | Wild-type, gram-positive ubiquitous homolactic acid bacterium, plasmid-free strain | Lars Axelsson |
| NC8ΔR | L. plantarum NC8 strain with padR gene disrupted by double homologous recombination | This work |
| Plasmids | ||
| pGID023 | Shuttle vector for E. coli and L. plantarum; derivatives of pJDC9 containing the pE194 replication functions; used as an unstable integration vector; Emr | 22 |
| pJDC9 | Emr; ΔlacZ | 10 |
| pJPDC1 | Emr; pJDC9 containing the 2.3-kbp Sau3A fragment of L. plantarum corresponding to the locus with padA-padR genes | 7 |
| pET28a+ | Kanr; vector for overexpression of His-tagged proteins using the T7 bacteriophage promoter | Novagen, Darmstadt, Germany |
| pJRA | Emr; pJDC9 containing the 303-bp RA fragment amplified by PCR with primers LPFP3 and LPΔPDC4 | This work |
| pJRAB | Emr; pJDC9 containing RA and the 237-bp RB fragment obtained by EcoRI restriction of pJPDC1 | This work |
| pGΔR | Emr; pGID023 containing the 600-bp ΔR fragment amplified by PCR with the M13 universal primer and primer LPΔ16 | This work |
| pER | pET28a+ containing padR gene with a His tag fusion inserted into NcoI and XhoI sites | This work |