. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Nov 18.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Sports Med. 2010 Apr 14;38(7):10.1177/0363546510361494. doi: 10.1177/0363546510361494

TABLE 1.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Graft Forces (N) Under the 3 Loading Conditions at Select Flexion Angles^a

		Intact ACL			SB ACLR	DB ACLR
Loading Condition	Flexion Angle	Entire	AM	PL	Entire	Entire	AM Graft	PL Graft
Anterior tibial load	0°	146 ± 34	104 ± 45	48 ± 18	92 ± 36^b	123 ± 28^c	64 ± 30^b	74 ± 38
	15°	155 ± 41	119 ± 50	39 ± 25	100 ± 39^b	132 ± 21^c	75 ± 36^b	67 ± 33
	30°	157 ± 44	139 ± 43	26 ± 17	109 ± 59^b	128 ± 36	84 ± 52^b	56 ± 28^b
	60°	109 ± 40	105 ± 40	9 ± 7	63 ± 42^b	82 ± 22	57 ± 39^b	35 ± 22^b
	90°	91 ± 34	89 ± 29	8 ± 6	44 ± 30^b	72 ± 28^c	60 ± 31^b	25 ± 17^b
Simulated quadriceps load	0°	91 ± 48	63 ± 38	39 ± 21	45 ± 31^b	60 ± 22^b	34 ± 21	37 ± 15
	15°	124 ± 54	85 ± 54	44 ± 34	55 ± 32^b	84 ± 38^b	36 ± 15^b	55 ± 26
	30°	103 ± 49	73 ± 50	44 ± 40	47 ± 47^b	65 ± 37^b	22 ± 16^b	47 ± 26
	60°	39 ± 33	32 ± 32	19 ± 10	17 ± 21^b	19 ± 13^b	7 ± 7^b	16 ± 9
	90°	18 ± 19	16 ± 17	8 ±5	14 ± 11	17 ± 13	4 ± 2^b	16 ± 14
Combined tibial torques	0°	100 ± 44	68 ± 39	38 ± 22	68 ± 62	82 ± 43	27 ± 12^b	58 ± 43^b
	30°	109 ± 64	84 ± 49	31 ± 30	71 ± 48	91 ± 39	28 ± 18^b	67 ± 39^b

ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; SB, single bundle; DB, double bundle; ACLR, ACL reconstruction; AM, anteromedial; PL, posterolateral.

Statistically significant difference compared with corresponding bundles of intact anterior cruciate ligament condition (P<.05).

Statistically significant difference compared with corresponding bundles of single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction condition (P<.05).