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Waveform synthesis for peristaltic pumping. (A) Connecting the nodes of a three-inverter ring oscillator to three in-series liquid valves results in an actuation pattern that achieves peristaltic pumping. (B) The more efficient double chamber peristaltic pump pattern can be achieved by properly selecting three nodes from a five-inverter ring oscillator. Here, each successive liquid valve is phase-shifted by 72°.
