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. 2013 Oct 14;110(45):18121–18126. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1316449110

Table 2.

Mean values (+SD) of measures of self-distress by victims during PD periods

Measures of self-distress Juvenile rearing
Mother-reared Orphan
Scream duration, s 6.5 (3.0) 10.2 (4.0)
Recommence scream, % of events 10.0 (6.0) 44.0 (5.0)
Latency to recover, s 27 (26.0) 130 (27.0)

Scream duration: duration of the first uninterrupted screaming episode. Recommence scream: percentage of PD periods in which the victim recommences screaming once their vocalizations have stopped for >30 s. Latency to recover: mean latency to cease anxiety-related behaviors.