Figure 4.

Quercetin and allopurinol reduce ROS production and TXNIP expression in high glucose (HG)-exposed hepatocyte cells. BRL-3A and HepG2 cells were incubated with HG (30 mM) in the presence and absence of quercetin and allopurinol for the indicated time. The intracellular ROS levels were measured using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA. The fluorescence images were obtained by a fluorescence microscopy (A) (magnification, ×200). The representative results from three independent experiments are shown. Quantification of the fluorescent intensity was detected using a fluorescence plate reader (B) (n = 8). Cellular lysate TXNIP expression levels were analysed by Western blot (C) (n = 4). The relative protein levels were determined after normalization with GAPDH. The data are expressed as the means ± SEM. ⁺⁺⁺P < 0.001 versus control; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus HG control.