Table 1.
Cytological, morphological and fruit quality parameters of diploid and allotriploid donors and the induced-autopolyploid lines
| |
Hylocereus
|
Autotetraploid |
Allotriploid |
Autohexaploid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | monacanthus | D-27 | S-75 | D-2.3 |
|
Cytological parameters |
|
|
|
|
| Estimated ploidy level |
2n |
4n |
3n |
6n |
| Genome size (pg ±SE) |
4.2 ±0.1 |
8.0 ±0.4* |
5.9 ±0.3 |
13.7 ±0.1* |
| Stomata diameter (µm ±SE) |
53.1 ±0.2 |
56.0 ±0.2* |
63.7 ±0.3 |
69.0 ±0.3* |
| Stomata density (±SE) |
13.6 ±0.3 |
12.6 ±0.3* |
9.4 ±0.2 |
8.1 ±0.2* |
| Number of ovules (±SE) |
5036 ±159 |
3408 ±185* |
3530 ±107 |
3472 ±187 |
| Pollen grain size (µm ±SE) |
84.9 ±0.2 |
107.9 ±0.4* |
97.6 ±0.6 |
122.7 ±0.5* |
| Pollen stainability (% ±SE) |
97.1 ±0.2 |
86.6 ±1.4* |
11.1 ±0.7 |
52.2 ±4.8* |
| Tetrads (% ±SE) |
99.8 ±0.2 |
78.3 ±2.4* |
74.6 ±0.4 |
30.3 ±3.9* |
| Polyads (% ±SE) |
0.0 ±0.0 |
18.9 ±2.2* |
9.0 ±2.3 |
61.1 ±2.7* |
| Triads (% ±SE) |
0.0 ±0.0 |
2.8 ±0.7* |
16.0 ±2.1 |
6.5 ±1.1* |
| Dyads (% ±SE) |
0.2 ±0.2 |
0.0 ±0.2 |
0.3 ±0.2 |
0.7 ±0.2 |
| Monads (% ±SE) |
0.0 ±0.0 |
0.0 ±0.2 |
0.1 ±0.1 |
1.4 ±0.5* |
|
Morphological parameters |
|
|
|
|
| Fruit weight (gr ±SE) |
333 ±17 |
267 ±18* |
195 ±11 |
89 ±14* |
| Peel weight (gr ±SE) |
158 ±9 |
138 ±9 |
77 ±4 |
47 ±5* |
| Flesh weight (gr ±SE) |
175 ±10 |
129 ±10* |
118 ±8 |
42 ±9* |
| Flesh/Peel ratio (±SE) |
1.14 ±0.05 |
0.95 ±0.08 |
1.53 ±0.06 |
0.85 ±0.11* |
| Black-coat seed number (±SE) |
3263 ±201 |
2190 ±258* |
1681 ±113 |
295 ±37* |
| Brown-coat seed number (±SE) |
0 |
0 |
569 ±79 |
371 ±71 |
| Black-coat seed weight (mg ±SE) |
2.57 ±0.02 |
2.92 ±0.04* |
3.86 ±0.06 |
2.29 ±0.05* |
| Seed germination (% ±SE) |
89 ±1.4 |
81 ±2.3* |
50 ±2.7 |
30 ±2.5* |
|
Fruit quality parameters |
|
|
|
|
| pH (±SE) |
3.59 ±0.05 |
3.33 ±0.06 |
3.36 ±0.06 |
2.72 ±0.04* |
| TSS (% ±SE) |
14.1 ±0.31 |
13.8 ±0.10 |
16.2 ±0.30 |
13.6 ±0.30* |
| Water content (% ±SE) | 83.51 ±0.6 | 84.12 ±0.3 | 83.46 ±0.1 | 84.70 ±0.1 |
*represent statistical significance differences between each of the induced-autopolyploid line to its respective donor line. Statistical analysis was calculated according to the Student’s t-test analysis, P ≤ 0.05. TSS, total soluble solids.