Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Inflamm Res. 2013 Aug 22;62(11):10.1007/s00011-013-0657-5. doi: 10.1007/s00011-013-0657-5

Figure 7. PKCβ induces vimentin phosphorylation and its extracellular release by primary human monocytes upon MCP-1 treatment.

Figure 7

MCP-1 treatment of primary human monocytes induced both vimentin phosphorylation (data not shown) and its release into the extracellular space. Extracellular release of vimentin was induced by MCP-1 and inhibited by incubation with PKCβ AS-ODN. Induction of vimentin release by PKCβ S-ODN treatment was comparable to the release induced by MCP-1 treated monocytes. The inhibition of vimentin release by PKCβ AS-ODN and PKC inhibitor peptide was comparable to the vimentin release of the untreated monocytes indicating that PKCβ phosphorylates vimentin upon MCP-1 treatment thereby inducing its release outside the cell. Recombinant human vimentin was used as a positive control. These data are representative of 3 identical experiments with different monocyte donors. Figure 7B shows quantitative analysis of vimentin secretion of the 5 treatments of monocytes from three experiments. The data were derived from band densitometry of the protein signal.