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. 2013 Oct 28;110(46):18644–18649. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1318257110

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Avprs regulate bone remodeling and bone mass. Pharmacologic inhibition of Avpr1α by the injection of the receptor antagonist SR49059 (or vehicle, Ctl) increases bone mass (unstained sections, quantitated as BV/TV) (A); bone formation (photomicrograph of xylenol/calcein-labeled bones), measured as mineralizing surface, MAR, and bone formation rate in femur epiphyseal bone (B), and MAR in calvarial bone (C); and bone resorption in TRAP-labeled sections measured as osteoclast surfaces (N.oc/B.Pm) and serum C- telopeptide (CTX, by ELISA) (D). Statistics: Unpaired Student t test, P values shown, n = 4–5 mice per group. Consistent with this, Avpr1α−/− mice compared with Avpr1α+/+ littermates (E) showed a profound increase in trabecular bone in the vertebral column (von Kossa stained section; BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N., and Tb.Sp.) and in the femur epiphysis (alkaline phosphatase-stained section, BV/TV); this is accompanied by an increase and decrease, respectively, in Cfu-f and N.ob./BPm (F), and osteoclast numbers (Trap-stained surface, N.oc/B.Pm) (G). Microtomography (H) confirms the increase in bone mass in both trabecular [femur metaphysis and cortical bone (Ct.Th)] (I). Unpaired Student t test, P values shown, n = 5 mice per group. (Magnification: A–C and F, 10×; D, 40×; E, 2×; G, 20×; H, 4×.)