Table 5.

Mixed Effects Model With Random Intercept and Fixed Effects Age in Decades, Gender, Country, Early Life Factors, Occurrence of Economic Inactivity Periods, and Age × Occurrence of Economic Inactivity Interaction (Weighted, Models 2 and 3; n = 18,030).

	Model 2: Base + early life factors				Model 3: Base + early + late life factors
	β	95 %	CI	P value	β	95 % CI		P value
Age in decades	−0.157	−0.170,	−0.144	<0.001	−0.138	−0.156,	−0.120	<0.001
Unemployment	−0.053	−0.087,	−0.019	<0.01	−0.020	−0.065	0.024	0.371
Age*unemployment	0.038	0.005,	0.072	<0.05	0.016	−0.029	0.061	0.485
Age in decades	−0.156	−0.169,	−0.143	<0.001	−0.140	−0.158	−0.123	<0.001
Sickness	−0.214	−0.263,	−0.165	<0.001	−0.093	−0.162	−0.024	<0.01
Age*sickness	0.070	0.027,	0.114	<0.01	0.056	−0.006	0.117	0.076
Age in decades	−0.149	−0.163,	−0.134	<0.001	−0.141	−0.167	−0.115	<0.001
Homemaker	−0.014	−0.045,	0.015	0.343	−0.008	−0.043	0.028	0.665
Age*homemaker	−0.014	−0.038,	0.010	0.257	0.008	−0.024	0.040	0.618
Age in decades	−0.159	−0.171,	−0.147	<0.001	−0.141	−0.158	−0.123	<0.001
Training	−0.013	−0.060,	0.035	0.600	−0.015	−0.078	0.047	0.626
Age*training	0.068	0.023,	0.113	<0.01	0.075	0.014	0.135	<0.05
Age in decades	−0.177	−0.204,	−0.151	<0.001	−0.149	−0.175	−0.123	< 0.001
Maternity spellb	0.000	−0.048,	0.049	0.991	0.000	−0.046	0.047	0.984
Age*maternity spell	0.047	0.003,	0.090	<0.05	0.033	−0.009	0.075	0.128

Note.

^aModel 2 covariates: country indicators, age, gender, reported number of books in the household at age 10 in quintiles, availability of less than two items of household equipment at age 10 (fixed bath, cold running water supply, hot running water supply, inside toilet, central heating), ISCO information of main breadwinner’s occupation at age 10 in five categories (professional and managers, intermediate or lower supervisors, clerks, lower sales and services, lower technical and routine workers, and missing information), self-rated mathematical skills and language skills at age 10 relative to others, ISCED information on educational attainment in four categories (up to lower secondary, upper secondary, tertiary education, and missing information). Model 3 additional covariates household income, household wealth, ISCO information on last job (professional and managers, intermediate or lower supervisors, clerks, lower sales and services, lower technical and routine workers, and missing information), self-rated health, one or more limitation on any of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), indicator variables indicating having been diagnosed with a medical condition (heart attack, high blood pressure or hypertension, high blood cholesterol, stroke, and diabetes or high blood sugar).

^bAnalysis with female sample of n = 9,964.