Proposed steps in the bacteriorhodopsin (BR) photocycle [see Fluhr et al., 2007; Hirai et al., 2009; Lanyi, 2004; Lanyi, 2006 for comprehensive reviews]. There is still some controversy about this proposal, such as the distances between D85 and the SB at various steps in the photocycle. For questions of reproducibility, signal/noise, controls, and an appreciation of the epistemology of the BR field, see [Lanyi, 2004].