(A) Monolayers were exposed to ethanol control, capsaicin (300 µM, 45 min), Jpk (2 µM, 60 min) or LatA (0.5 µM, 90 min) and lysed, and the G- and F-actin fractions were separated. Fractions were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting with an anti-actin antibody. (B) MDCK monolayers were exposed to ethanol control, capsaicin (300 µM, 45 min), LatA (0.1 µM, 30 min), Jpk (2 µM, 1 min) or CytoB (5 µg/ml, 15 min), and were fixed and stained with rhodamine-phalloidin to detect F-actin. Images from each z-section were deconvoluted and overlayed. Bar: 10 µm. (C) The fluorescence intensities of the images in (B) were analyzed. Bar: 10 µm. ***represents p<0.001 by Student’s t test.